Heart Attack surgery abroad – treatments available and competency of surgeons

Heart Attack/Caridac Arrest Treatment In India



A heart attack is the death of a portion of heart muscle in an area where there is a sudden loss of blood supply. Without prompt treatment, this can lead to the affected part of the heart. Heart attack is also called as Myocardial Infarct...







Causes of Heart Attack



Myocardial infarction or Heart Attack may occur at any time and often occurs without warning. As we grow older, our coronary arteries may become narrowed by the buildup of cholesterol plaque. When the arteries narrow, less blood can go through them, and less oxygen gets to the heart muscle. The process of narrowing is called atherosclerosis...







Risk factors for Heart Disease



Risk factors for heart disease include :



* Cigarette smoking

* A family history of heart attack

* Diabetes

* Overweight

* High blood pressure

* High blood cholesterol

* Low hdl cholesterol (that is, too little "good" cholesterol)

* Stress

* A lifestyle that does not include much physical activity...







Tests :



1. Blood test are used to find out whether the heart muscle has been damaged these include :

I) Troponin I and Troponin T

II) CPK-Creatinine phosphokinase an enzyme found mainly in heart, brain and skeletal muscle.

III) CPK-MB-Creatinine phosphokinase isoenzymes it maesures the different forms of creatinine phosphokinase in the blood

IV) Serum myoglobin- Myoglobin is a protein in heart and skeletal muscles that measures the amount of myoglobin in the blood.



2. Coronary Angiography-is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to see how blood flows through your heart.



3. A Chest X-ray can show abnormal heart size and signs of heart failure(poor pumping of the heart)



4. An ECG(electrocardigram) measures and records the electrical activity of your heart.It gives early information about areas of heart muscles that are damaged.



5. Doppler ultrasound(echocardiogram) is a type ofscan used to examine your heart valves,muscles and blood flow and to look at how efficiently your heart is pumping.



6. Nuclear Ventriculography-is a test that uses radioactive materials called tracers to show the heart chambers.The procedure is noninvasive.The instruments do not directly touch the heart...







Treatment of Heart Attack



1) If you suspect that you are having a heart attack : Call for medical help immediately.



2) If you have nitroglycerine tablet, place it under the tongue immediately and repeat every 3 minutes. You can also chew a regular aspirin to help thin the blood and prevent clotting.



3) If you suspect someone else is having a heart attack, call for medical help immediately. If that person stops breathing or loses consciousness, administer CPR or cardiopulmonary rescue...













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